Indicadores sanguíneos de daño hepático en novillos cruza cebú parasitados por fasciola hepática

Abstract

El ensayo tuvo como objetivo indagar eventuales cambios de los indicadores sanguíneos de daño hepático durante la fase subclínica (asintomática) de la fasciolosis. Se seleccionaron 56 muestras de sangre de novillos cruza cebú aparentemente sanos, en mataderos de zonas enzoóticas de la Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina). Posteriormente al sacrificio se estableció que 29 de ellos albergaba escasa a moderada cantidad de duelas en el hígado, permaneciendo libres del parásito los restantes. Con técnicas convencionales de laboratorio se efectuó eritrograma, leucograma, proteinograma, enzimograma (fosfatasa alcalina ALP, gammaglutamil transferasa GGT, aspartato aminotransferasa AST) y determinaciones de hierro, glucosa, bilirrubina y tiempo de protrombina. Los animales parasitados revelaron valores más elevados de leucocitos, eosinófilos, gamma globulinas y GGT que los controles (p < 0,05), signos inflamatorios que se imputan a una incipiente colangitis, propia de la fase subclínica de la distomatosis. No se verificaron cambios atribuibles a colestasis ni insuficiencia hepática.

The objective of the trial was to investigate eventual changes of hepatic damage blood indicators, during the subclinical (asymptomatic) period of fasciolosis. Fifty six blood samples of apparently healthy half–bred Zebu steers were collected in slaughterhouses from enzootic areas of Corrientes Province (Argentina). After slaughtering it was verified that 29 of them harbored scarce to moderate amount of liver flukes, being the rest of the animals free of parasites. Erythrogram, leukogram, proteinogram, enzymogram (alkaline phosphatase ALP, gammaglutamyl transferase GGT, aspartate aminotransferase AST) and iron, glucose, bilirubin and prothrombin time were determined by conventional laboratory techniques. Leukocyte, eosinophil, gamma globulin, and GGT values were higher in parasitized animals than in controls (p < 0.05). Such inflammatory signs are imputed to an incipient cholangitis, which is characteristic of the subclinical period of liver fluke disease. Changes attributable to cholestasis and hepatic failure were not verified.