La ideología como fenómeno espectral
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Instituto Superior de Formación Docente "José Manuel Estrada"
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Este trabajo se centra en la ideología como un fenómeno espectral, explorando su naturaleza y funcionamiento en la construcción de la realidad social. En él, través de un análisis crítico, se examinan las dinámicas ideológicas que influyen en la percepción y acción humana, así como su manifestación en discursos políticos. Se enfatiza la problemática de la ideología como un conjunto de creencias que, lejos de ser meras representaciones de la realidad, operan como estructuras complejas que ocultan su origen y manipulan la comprensión del mundo. Esta opacidad ideológica plantea interrogantes sobre cómo las ideologías moldean la conciencia social y política. La investigación se basa en un análisis teórico de textos de autores como Zizek, Marx y Engels, Derridá, Althusser y otros. Los hallazgos indican que las ideologías no solo actúan como marcos de referencia, sino que también generan una ilusión de realidad que dificulta la percepción de su propia construcción. Se observa que la lucha de ideas se convierte en un fenómeno central en la dinámica social, donde las ideologías se enfrentan y se transforman en respuesta a las crisis de significado. Se propone que la ideología, al operar como un espectro, actúa como un factor explicativo clave en la comprensión de la realidad social. Esta perspectiva sugiere que la ideología no solo devuelve una la realidad parcial, sino que también la configura, creando un ciclo de retroalimentación que perpetúa su influencia en la conciencia colectiva.
This paper focuses on ideology as a spectral phenomenon, exploring its nature and functioning in the construction of social reality. Through a critical analysis, it examines the ideological dynamics that influence human perception and action, as well as their manifestation in political discourses. The issue of ideology is emphasized as a set of beliefs that, rather than being mere representations of reality, function as complex structures that conceal their origins and manipulate the understanding of the world. This ideological opacity raises questions about how ideologies shape social and political consciousness. The research is based on a theoretical analysis of texts by authors such as Zizek, Marx and Engels, Derrida, and Althusser. The findings indicate that ideologies not only act as frameworks of reference but also generate an illusion of reality that obscures the perception of their own construction. It is observed that the struggle of ideas becomes a central phenomenon in the social dynamic, where ideologies confront each other and transform in response to crises of meaning. It is proposed that ideology, by operating as a spectrum, acts as a key explanatory factor in understanding social reality. This perspective suggests that ideology not only returns a partial reality, but also shapes it, creating a feedback loop that perpetuates its influence on the collective consciousness.
This paper focuses on ideology as a spectral phenomenon, exploring its nature and functioning in the construction of social reality. Through a critical analysis, it examines the ideological dynamics that influence human perception and action, as well as their manifestation in political discourses. The issue of ideology is emphasized as a set of beliefs that, rather than being mere representations of reality, function as complex structures that conceal their origins and manipulate the understanding of the world. This ideological opacity raises questions about how ideologies shape social and political consciousness. The research is based on a theoretical analysis of texts by authors such as Zizek, Marx and Engels, Derrida, and Althusser. The findings indicate that ideologies not only act as frameworks of reference but also generate an illusion of reality that obscures the perception of their own construction. It is observed that the struggle of ideas becomes a central phenomenon in the social dynamic, where ideologies confront each other and transform in response to crises of meaning. It is proposed that ideology, by operating as a spectrum, acts as a key explanatory factor in understanding social reality. This perspective suggests that ideology not only returns a partial reality, but also shapes it, creating a feedback loop that perpetuates its influence on the collective consciousness.
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Paniagua, Oscar Javier, 2025. La ideología como fenómeno espectral. Filonea. Corrientes: Instituto Superior de Formación Docente "José Manuel Estrada", vol. 2, no. 1, p. 48-61. E-ISSN 3072-7170.
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