Evaluación de la abundancia espacial y temporal del ictioplancton en la zona de confluencia de los ríos Paraná y Paraguay
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El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la importancia de los ríos Paraná
y Paraguay en la reproducción de las especies de interés comercial y/o deportivo. Para
esto, se propuso estudiar la dinámica espacial y temporal del ictioplancton aguas arriba y
abajo de la confluencia de los ríos Paraná y Paraguay, y establecer relaciones entre las
variaciones de deriva de huevos y larvas, las variables ambientales de calidad del agua, y
su vinculación con la Represa Hidroeléctrica Yacyretá. Las muestras se colectaron en
ambas márgenes del río Paraná en dirección del eje Corrientes–Puerto Antequera (Paraná
medio), frente a la ciudad de Paso de la Patria (Corrientes, Alto Paraná) y en cercanía a
la ciudad de Las Palmas (Chaco, río Paraguay). La reproducción de los peces ocurrió
principalmente entre septiembre–abril, asociada a incrementos hidrométricos y en
ocasiones también a precipitaciones abundantes ocurridas aguas arriba; por el contrario,
dichas condiciones no estimularon la reproducción durante los dos inviernos
muestreados. Se colectaron 5127 huevos y 43097 larvas, de las cuales alrededor del 10%
correspondió a especies de interés comercial y/o deportivo del total. Las densidades
promedio de huevos y larvas totales en el río Paraná fueron significativamente mayores
en Puerto Antequera. Entre las especies de interés comercial y/o deportivo, las densidades
de larvas de bogas, sábalo y surubí fueron significativamente mayores en Puerto
Antequera, y la de dorado fue mayor en Corrientes. Se encontró evidencia que indica que
las zonas próximas a la confluencia de los ríos Paraná y Paraguay son áreas de
reproducción independientes para las bogas, el sábalo y el surubí. La reproducción del
dorado solo se pudo evidenciar en el alto Paraná. Los resultados presentados en este
trabajo de investigación pueden ser útiles para la toma de decisiones futuras orientadas al
manejo y la conservación de los recursos ícticos vinculados con el cuidado de las posibles
zonas de desoves susceptibles a las alteraciones antrópicas.
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the importance of the Paraná and Paraguay rivers in the reproduction of species of commercial and/or sports interest. For this, it was proposed to study the spatial and temporal dynamics of the ichthyoplankton upstream and downstream of the confluence of the Paraná and Paraguay rivers and to establish relationships between the drift variations of eggs and larvae, the environmental variables of water quality, and their linkage with the Yacyretá Hydroelectric Dam. The samples were collected on both banks of the Paraná river in the direction of the Corrientes-Puerto Antequera axis (middle Paraná), in front of the city of Paso de la Patria (Corrientes, Alto Paraná) and near the city of Las Palmas (Chaco, Paraguay river). Fish reproduction occurred mainly between September–April, associated with hydrometric increases and sometimes also with abundant rainfall that occurred upstream; otherwise, these conditions did not stimulate reproduction during the two sampled winters. In this study, 5127 eggs and 43097 larvae were collected, of which around 10% corresponded to species of commercial and/or sports interest of the total. The average densities of eggs and total larvae in the Paraná River were significantly higher in the Puerto Antequera site. Among the species of commercial and/or sport interest, the densities of larvae of bogas, sábalo and surubí were significantly higher in Puerto Antequera, and that of dorado was higher in Corrientes. Evidence was found that areas close to the sampling sites in the Paraná and Paraguay rivers are independent breeding areas for species as bogas, sábalo and surubí. The reproduction of dorado could only be evidenced in the upper Paraná. The results presented in this research may be useful for making future decisions aimed at the management and conservation of fish resources related to the care of possible spawning areas susceptible to anthropic alterations.
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the importance of the Paraná and Paraguay rivers in the reproduction of species of commercial and/or sports interest. For this, it was proposed to study the spatial and temporal dynamics of the ichthyoplankton upstream and downstream of the confluence of the Paraná and Paraguay rivers and to establish relationships between the drift variations of eggs and larvae, the environmental variables of water quality, and their linkage with the Yacyretá Hydroelectric Dam. The samples were collected on both banks of the Paraná river in the direction of the Corrientes-Puerto Antequera axis (middle Paraná), in front of the city of Paso de la Patria (Corrientes, Alto Paraná) and near the city of Las Palmas (Chaco, Paraguay river). Fish reproduction occurred mainly between September–April, associated with hydrometric increases and sometimes also with abundant rainfall that occurred upstream; otherwise, these conditions did not stimulate reproduction during the two sampled winters. In this study, 5127 eggs and 43097 larvae were collected, of which around 10% corresponded to species of commercial and/or sports interest of the total. The average densities of eggs and total larvae in the Paraná River were significantly higher in the Puerto Antequera site. Among the species of commercial and/or sport interest, the densities of larvae of bogas, sábalo and surubí were significantly higher in Puerto Antequera, and that of dorado was higher in Corrientes. Evidence was found that areas close to the sampling sites in the Paraná and Paraguay rivers are independent breeding areas for species as bogas, sábalo and surubí. The reproduction of dorado could only be evidenced in the upper Paraná. The results presented in this research may be useful for making future decisions aimed at the management and conservation of fish resources related to the care of possible spawning areas susceptible to anthropic alterations.
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Cáceres, Antonio de la Cruz, 2020. Evaluación de la abundancia espacial y temporal del ictioplancton en la zona de confluencia de los ríos Paraná y Paraguay. Tesis doctoral. Corrientes: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura.
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