Los tardigrada (mammalia, xenarthra) de Argentina : diversidad, evolución y biogeografía
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Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo
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Los Tardigrada representan uno de los grupos de mamíferos fósiles característicos
del Cenozoico de América del Sur, pero que también se encuentra representado en América
Central y América del Norte. El registro fehaciente más antiguo del grupo correspondería a
Pseudoglyptodon del Eoceno tardío de Chubut, y en la actualidad está representado por los
géneros arborícolas Bradypus y Choloepus. El registro fósil da cuenta de una gran diversidad
taxonómica de tardígrados, con más de 50 géneros bien conocidos, con formas arborícolas,
semiarborícolas y cursoriales. Tardigrada incluye cuatro clados principales: Megatheriidae,
Megalonychidae, Nothrotheriidae y Mylodontidae, a los que suma una serie de géneros
conocidos como Megatherioidea basales. A partir del Oligoceno tardío se hacen abundantes y
están representados por varias líneas de Megatherioidea y Mylodontoidea. Durante el Neógeno
(Mioceno–Plioceno) el grupo alcanza una alta diversidad con representantes de todas las familias.
Durante el Cuaternario algunos géneros alcanzan los mayores tamaños (e.g., Megatherium,
Lestodon) y forman parte de las asociaciones conocidas como megafauna. Hacia el final del
Pleistoceno e inicio del Holoceno las formas de perezosos de gran tamaño se extinguen junto
con otros elementos de la megafauna.
The Tardigrada (Mammalia, Xenarthra) of Argentina: Diversity, evoltion and biogeography. The Tardigrada represent one of the most characteristic groups of fossil mammals from the Cenozoic of South America, but they are also present in Central and North America. The oldest record would correspond to Pseudoglyptodon from the Eocene of Chubut Province, and at the present, the group is represented by the arboreal genera Bradypus and Choloepus. The fossil record shows a great diversity, with more than 50 genera well known, with arboreal, semiarboreal and cursorial forms. Tardigrada include four main clades: Megatheriidae, Megalonychidae, Nothrotheriidae and Mylodontidae; and a group of genera known as basal Megatherioidea. At the beginning of the late Oligocene the group became abundant and it is represented by several lineages of Megatherioidea and Mylodontoidea. During the Neogene (Miocene–Pliocene) the group reaches a high diversity, including genera of all the families. During the Quaternary, some genera reaches great sizes (e.g., Megatherium, Lestodon) forming part of the faunistic associations called megafauna. Until the end of the Pleistocene and the beginning of the Holocene the ground sloths of great size became extinct along with other elements of the megafauna.
The Tardigrada (Mammalia, Xenarthra) of Argentina: Diversity, evoltion and biogeography. The Tardigrada represent one of the most characteristic groups of fossil mammals from the Cenozoic of South America, but they are also present in Central and North America. The oldest record would correspond to Pseudoglyptodon from the Eocene of Chubut Province, and at the present, the group is represented by the arboreal genera Bradypus and Choloepus. The fossil record shows a great diversity, with more than 50 genera well known, with arboreal, semiarboreal and cursorial forms. Tardigrada include four main clades: Megatheriidae, Megalonychidae, Nothrotheriidae and Mylodontidae; and a group of genera known as basal Megatherioidea. At the beginning of the late Oligocene the group became abundant and it is represented by several lineages of Megatherioidea and Mylodontoidea. During the Neogene (Miocene–Pliocene) the group reaches a high diversity, including genera of all the families. During the Quaternary, some genera reaches great sizes (e.g., Megatherium, Lestodon) forming part of the faunistic associations called megafauna. Until the end of the Pleistocene and the beginning of the Holocene the ground sloths of great size became extinct along with other elements of the megafauna.
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Brandoni, Diego, et al., 2016. Los tardigrada (mammalia, xenarthra) de Argentina : diversidad, evolución y biogeografía. La Plata: Contribuciones Científicas del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino, 2016, vol. 6, p. 263-274.
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