Anemia y deficiencia de hierro en mujeres indígenas del Departamento de presidente Hayes, Paraguay, 2010-2011
Anemia and iron deficiency in indigenous women from the Department of presidente Hayes, Paraguay, 2010-2011
Fecha
2015-07Autor
Díaz, Valentina
Echagüe, Gloria
Páez, Malvina
Mendoza, Laura
Mongelós, Pamela
Castro, Amalia
Rodríguez, María Isabel
Giménez, Graciela
Araujo, Patricia
Laspina, Florentina
Castro, Wilberto
Marecos, Ramón
Deluca, Gerardo
Picconi, Alejandra
Jiménez, Roza
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítemResumen
Según datos de la UNICEF, entre 4 mil y 5 mil millones de personas en el
mundo padecen carencia de hierro, y se calcula que 2 mil millones sufren
de anemia. La mujer puede presentar diversos tipos de anemia, ya sea por
menstruaciones abundantes o por deficiencia de aporte de hierro. El objeti-
vo de este trabajo fue evaluar los parámetros hematológicos e indicadores
químicos de la anemia y carencia de hierro en las mujeres indígenas del De-
partamento de Presidente Hayes, Paraguay, realizado de octubre de 2010
a octubre de 2011. En este estudio observacional descriptivo de corte trans-
verso, se incluyeron 222 mujeres de 12 a 60 años de edad de las etnias maká,
nivaclé, sanapaná, enxet y tobaqom. Se determinó la concentración de la
hemoglobina e índices hematimétricos: VCM, HCM y CHCM mediante
un contador hematológico. El hierro sérico y transferrina se determinó por
método enzimático colorimétrico y la saturación de la transferrina por cál-
culo manual. En el 40% (88/222) de las mujeres se observó hemoglobina por
debajo de 12 g/dL. Con respecto a los índices hematimétricos, presentaron
valores inferiores al punto de corte, siendo el 33% para VCM, 22% HCM
y el 16% para CHCM. Estos resultados indican una deficiencia de hierro
en diferentes fases, lo que tendría consecuencias negativas como la anemia,
baja resistencia a infecciones, retraso en el desarrollo psicomotor y función
cognoscitiva de los niños, bajo rendimiento académico, fatiga, entre otras
patologías en una población vulnerable donde la mayoría de las mujeres
estudiadas son de edad fértil. According to UNICEF, between 4 thousand and 5 thousand million peo-
ple in the world have ferropenia and it is calculated that 2 thousand mi-
llion suffer from anemia. Women may present different types of anemia,
due either to abundant menstruation or deficient iron intake. The objecti-
ve of this work was to evaluate hematological and chemical parameters of
anemia in indigenous women from the Department of Presidente Hayes,
Paraguay, from October 2010 to October 2011. This was a cross-sectional,
observational and descriptive study that included 222 women aged 12 to 60 According to UNICEF, between 4 thousand and 5 thousand million peo-
ple in the world have ferropenia and it is calculated that 2 thousand mi-
llion suffer from anemia. Women may present different types of anemia,
due either to abundant menstruation or deficient iron intake. The objecti-
ve of this work was to evaluate hematological and chemical parameters of
anemia in indigenous women from the Department of Presidente Hayes,
Paraguay, from October 2010 to October 2011. This was a cross-sectional,
observational and descriptive study that included 222 women aged 12 to 60 According to UNICEF, between 4 thousand and 5 thousand million peo-
ple in the world have ferropenia and it is calculated that 2 thousand mi-
llion suffer from anemia. Women may present different types of anemia,
due either to abundant menstruation or deficient iron intake. The objecti-
ve of this work was to evaluate hematological and chemical parameters of
anemia in indigenous women from the Department of Presidente Hayes,
Paraguay, from October 2010 to October 2011. This was a cross-sectional,
observational and descriptive study that included 222 women aged 12 to 60 years, belonging to the ethnic groups maká, nivaclé, sanapaná, enxet and tobaqom. Hemoglobin
concentration and hematological parameters were determined using a hematological counter.
Serum iron and transferrin were determined by a colorimetric enzymatic method, and transfe-
rrin saturation by manual calculation. In 40% (88/222) of the women, hemoglobin values under
12 g/dL were found. Hematological parameters were below established cut-off points in 33%
of women for MCV, 22% for MCH and 16% for MCHC. These results indicate iron deficiency
in different stages, which could have negative consequences including anemia, low resistance to
infections, retardation in psychomotor development and cognitive function in children, as well as
low academic performance and other pathologies, affecting a vulnerable population where most
studied women were of a reproductive age.
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