Características de los protocolos de investigación presentados por los cursantes de la asignatura “metodología de la investigación en enfermería”, Facultad de Medicina, UNNE. Período 2005-2015

Abstract

Garantizar una mayor calidad en los cuidados requiere que los profesionales de enfermería alcancen un nivel de desarrollo profesional que les permita dar soluciones más efectivas a las necesidades de salud, lo que se logra mediante la actividad investigativa. Cuando la investigación pasa a formar parte de la tarea profesional el enfermero, este desarrolla una actitud reflexiva, y creativa que le permite perfeccionar sus cuidados y la calidad de la atención, generando experiencias y aportes de diversos niveles de novedad y originalidad que pueden ser valiosos para la enfermería como ciencia.La investigación es un conjunto estructurado de procedimientos teóricos, metodológicos y técnicos que se emplean para conocer e interpretar los aspectos esenciales, las relaciones fundamentales de un determinado objeto o fenómeno de la realidad. Por lo tanto, el progreso del conocimiento, la necesidad de conocer, es el primordial motivo de toda investigación. La investigación constituye junto con la gestión, la práctica y la educación, uno de los cuatro pilares en los que se fundamenta la enfermería.

The quality of care and nursing care depends of a large extent on making research one of the most important pillars of nursing as a science. The objective of this work was to determine the characteristics of the research protocols presented by the students of the Nursing Research Methodology course of the Bachelor's degree in Nursing of the National University of the Northeast during the years 2005 to 2015. It was carried out a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective and transversal study, and the protocols filed in the library of said Faculty were consulted. We worked with 230 protocols. 100% of the works were of quantitative type and of these 65% descriptive and 35% analytical. 94% of the works were of transversal type surpassing extensively to the longitudinal ones. As for the thematic area the main ones were the clinic and the public health. 67% of the protocols were retrospective and 33% prospective. According to the context of the studies, it was observed most of the work was done in institutions of the second and third level. Research published in peer-reviewed journals amounted to 12 which represented only 5% of the total. The average number of protocols per year was 20, with a minimum value of 5 in 2005 and a maximum value of 51 in 2015. The results showed good productivity in future nursing graduates, with a predominance of quantitative studies, mainly in the clinical setting, although there was little publication of the research protocols.