Rendimiento productivo y composición corporal de pollos alimentados con harina de poroto mucuna (Stizolobium deeringianum)

Abstract

Las leguminosas tropicales ricas en proteínas son de interés por su valor nutricional y bajo costo, aunque su uso debe ser precedido por estudios biológicos y económicos que permitan establecer su eficiencia. En el presente trabajo se estudió el efecto de la incorporación de harina de poroto mucuna (Stizolobium deeringianum) en reemplazo parcial de la soja, sobre las variables productivas y rendimiento a la faena de pollos Campero INTA. La dieta control fue elaborada en base a maíz, soja y una premezcla para alimento terminador. En la dieta de prueba, el poroto mucuna tratado con Ca(OH)2 al 1% reemplazó el 30% de la harina de soja. El análisis comparativo se realizó mediante ANOVA en un arreglo factorial, con el sexo y tipo de alimento como efectos principales. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (pThe use of tropical legumes rich in protein is of interest for its nutritional value and low cost, but must be preceded by biological and economic studies to establish their efficiency. The effects of mucuna (Stizolobium deeringianum) bean flour incorporation as partial replacement of soybean in the finisher food on productive performance and yielding at slaughter in Campero INTA chickens were studied. The control diet was developed based on corn, soybeans and finisher feed premix. In the trial diet, mucuna bean treated with Ca(OH)2 1% replaced 30% of soybean. The comparative analysis was performed using a factorial ANOVA, with sex and type of food as main effects. The weight gain of the chickens fed with the control diet was statistically higher than the values of mucuna diet with 1.385,27 ± 281,52 g and 1.258,63 ± 365,27 g respectively. The feed intake of the control group showed a numerical difference, although the degree of significance only showed a trend towards statistical separation (p= 0,08). Body composition variables showed no statistical differences between treatments. Mucuna bean treated with alkaline solution causes a decrease of weight gain in Campero INTA chickens during the fattening phase. Further studies are necessary regarding the removal of anti-nutritional factors that may enable the practical use of new types of foods.